The European Commission has opened scrutiny of Italy’s “piracy shield,” warning it could conflict with the EU Digital Services Act and fundamental rights protected by the EU Charter.

On June 13, 2025 the Commission sent a formal letter to Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani requesting clarification on whether Italy’s measures comply with DSA rules.

Rome’s anti-piracy framework, introduced in February 2024, lets rights holders ask authorities to have domain names and IP addresses blocked to stop access to pirated live sports, notably football, within 30 minutes.

The system extends blocking orders not only to internet service providers but also to VPN and DNS operators — a capability applauded by content owners for its speed and reach.

However, that same speed has produced a string of overblocking incidents, with some legitimate services — including certain Google domains — affected, prompting alarm among tech firms.

Industry groups such as the Computer & Communications Industry Association have flagged a lack of transparency around how blocks are imposed and too few avenues for sites to obtain redress when wrongly blocked.

Those complaints triggered an EU-level technical review of how Italy’s mechanism operates and whether safeguards are in place to prevent disproportionate interference with expression and information.

Lawmakers noted that the DSA itself “does not provide a legal basis for the issuing of orders by national administrative or judicial authorities, nor does it regulate the enforcement of such orders.”

Consequently, the Commission asked Italy to explain how national procedures and enforcement steps will be aligned with the DSA in its final implementation text.

While authorities stress the measure’s effectiveness against piracy, Brussels’ intervention underscores tensions between rapid enforcement and protecting digital rights and due process.

EU Lawmakers Raise Concerns Over Italian Anti-Piracy Measures

European Union legislators have expressed apprehension that Italy's anti-piracy initiatives may violate EU regulations, particularly regarding fundamental rights protections.

In a formal communication, lawmakers emphasized the critical balance between combating unauthorized content and preserving citizens' rights to freedom of expression and information as guaranteed by the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights.

The Italian communications authority AGCOM has implemented controversial measures requiring Domain Name System (DNS) providers and Virtual Private Network (VPN) services to block suspected illegal streams upon request. This approach has alarmed privacy advocates who warn of potential far-reaching implications for online security.

The impact is already evident as certain VPN providers have begun restricting services to Italian users. One provider, AirVPN, has ceased accepting new subscribers from Italy altogether.

This trend extends beyond Italian borders. France recently secured a court order compelling major VPN services including NordVPN, ExpressVPN, Surfshark, Proton VPN, and CyberGhost to restrict access to over 200 domains allegedly hosting pirated sports content.

Similarly, Spanish entities LaLiga and Telefónica have implemented IP blocking measures since early 2025, resulting in numerous legitimate services being inadvertently restricted, including essential web resources and payment platforms.

Industry coalition representative Christian Dawson described Italy's approach as particularly problematic, stating: "Italy's implementation has demonstrated numerous issues and should serve as a warning rather than a model for other European nations."

As digital rights advocates monitor these developments, the European Commission's response could significantly influence how member states approach online content regulation in the future.

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