The Nigerian Center for Disease Control and Prevention is Nigeria’s foremost public health authority dedicated to safeguarding citizens from infectious disease threats. Functioning as the national public health institute, it leads in prevention, detection, and response to outbreaks and public health emergencies across the country. Established from key units within the Ministry of Health and formally recognized by law in 2018, the agency now operates with multiple departments—including surveillance, laboratory services, emergency preparedness, research, and subnational support—to ensure disease monitoring, timely intervention, evidence-driven policy, and coordination with global health bodies. With a mission to protect the health of Nigerians through integrated surveillance, rapid response, laboratory capacity building, and public health research, the center plays a critical role in strengthening Nigeria’s health security and resilience.